Muhammad Mushtaq, Muhammad Shuaib, Aamir Iqbal, Abubakar Sufyan, Muqader Shah, Noor Ul Ain Nawaz, Muhammad Ismail Khan, Hamayun Khan, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair, Qudrat Ullah and Usman Zeb, 2025. Antibacterial and Immuno-Modulatory Effects of Probiotics and Phytobiotics in Spent Rhode Island Red Layers. Pakistan J. Zool., 57: 1409-1420. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230305080346